Requisite physical system
Organizational facility
Enterprise operation
Much of the developed world is formed around ossified infrastructure. It is expensive to maintain and improve extensive existing infrastructure. The city creates its own inertia, as infrastructure generates more infrastructures that are similar. What currently subsists limits adaptability to progress.
“Cities are more than the sum of their infrastructure. They transcend brick and mortar, concrete and steel. They’re the vessels into which human knowledge is poured.” – Rick Yancey